Day 14: Farväl

The Pioneers' Crafts 

Today was the last day of Pioneer the World Camp at the Swedish American Museum. The children have been learning about different customs, new dances, and fun crafts from around the world.
The mood was celebratory, a fine end to a fine session. It was my last day too. I was rushing to finish my Swedish sites project before I ended for the summer. Using the museum's database, I was able to find a number of pictures of sites that were long gone or that I wasn't able to visit. I put on my trusty cotton muslin gloves and scanned the photos at 600 pixels. I was relieved to find two beautiful photographs of the Salem Lutheran Church, one exterior and one interior

(I will add these to the entries on Swedish-American churches). I was able to obtain a number of lovely photos from a brochure on the Swedish Club. Looking through booklet, I was amazed at how many services the Club offered. There were bars, dining areas, a restaurant, administrative rooms, a music room, and lovely lounging areas. It is a shame the organization no longer exists.

The format of my project is as follows: a photo or several photos of the landmark, followed by its title and location, then a short description. All this must fit on a word document, because they will be printed, put in plastic sleeves, and placed in a binder that will be on display in the museum. The file will also be sent to Riksföreningen Sverigekontakt, or the National Society of Sweden Contact. Their website, http://www.sverigekontakt.se/?id=8, lists the various Swedish landmarks around the world. The museum has access to the rest of the photos if they wished to send in larger versions. With that, I ended my summer internship. The time I spent at the Swedish American Museum gave me a better perspective on educating the public with pieces of history. I will definitely be back to visit or volunteer at the museum. 

Farväl!

Day 13: The Cage

Last Friday, our curator Veronica was kind enough to take me on a tour of the Cage, an area in the center of the museum's basement that is gated off. Honestly, this was the highlight of my internship. Inside, there were several desks, filing cabinets, and humidifiers. Along the sides were rows of shelved cases that were covered in plastic sheets to protect the artifacts inside. Veronica and I had a very interesting talk on the ethical debate pertaining to the preservation of artifacts. There are many preservationists who believe exposure in museums have a negative effect on artifacts, and that their preservation outweighs the public's need to see them. Others believe that the museum has an obligation to show these artifacts to the public for the sake of knowledge. Balancing the two is a difficult task, and one that curators have to deal with daily. We also discussed the best ways to preserve artifacts while they're in storage. I have to say, it's made me rethink the way I store things in my crawlspace. The plastic sheets that cover the shelves protect them from dust or any potential water catastrophes. For the more delicate items, such as wedding or confirmation dresses, acid-free boxes are essential. For the more durable items, acid-free tissue in a standard box is acceptable. Clothes that are hanging should have cotton padding on the hangers and covered completely in muslin. Cotton muslin is a delicate fabric that doesn't have any harsh chemicals, and is therefore used often when dealing with artifacts. Banners are rolled and placed in a cotton muslin bag; the white gloves used when handling the artifacts are made of it. The tour definitely increased my fascination with preservation.
Back in the office, I read the transcripts from the interview with the owners of the Swedish Bakery. I outlined a rough map of the places the named. When I look at photos in the archives, I will be able to confirm these locations visually.

Day 12: D is for Donation

I'm very proud.

Last weekend was Andersonville's annual Sidewalk Sale, when shops up and down Clark Street dust off their old wares and sell them for a fraction of the price. I happily agreed to assist with the costume jewelry table. The Swedish American Museum had a large quantity of donated costume jewelry that weren't sold last year, which I marked down and placed in what I hoped was an aesthetically pleasing manner. Some were even packaged in old Marshall Field's boxes, to which a volunteer at the museum joked were heirlooms on their own. All fine jewelry (silver, gold, any precious stones) were reserved for the Tantalizing Treasure Sale, an annual benefit that where precious donated items were sold. The Treasure Sale included donated works of art, fine antiques, etc. I learned that in order to maintain a non-profit organization, the museum held certain events such as these. I'm not complaining. I had a lot fun setting up and getting to know the patrons. The sale drew in a lot of traffic; many of the visitors had never been to the Swedish American Museum before. After purchasing their items, many of them took a tour of the exhibits.

When I was done setting up, I headed back to the office to continue working on my Swedish Sites Project. As I was, I passed by Veronica, our curator. She was inspecting late 19th century dresses that an elderly member had donated to the museum. They were his great-aunt's, and he had generously contributed them, along with several photos. Veronica explained that when someone decides to make a donation, they have two options: 1) donate the items and leave them completely at the museum's disposal or 2) donate the items and have the museum return any they might not place in an exhibit. If a museum does not need certain items, it is plausible to transfer them to other museums. The second option, therefore is for individuals who would prefer to know the location of their heirlooms. The man who donated his great-aunt's items chose this option. I could understand this. If I have a special connection to the Swedish American Museum, or if I live near it, I could visit my relative's personal items and take pride that they are on display. Others, however, are happy to share their ancestors' legacy wherever they may end up. Or they just want to clean their crawlspace.

Day 11: Having My Cake and Eating It Too

Last Thursday, I accompanied my co-intern Kate to the Swedish Bakery to conduct an interview. Kate had scheduled an appointment at 12 PM with the owner, Marlies Stanton. We were escorted to the kitchen by her daughter, Kathy, who was very helpful and hospitable. The museum leant us an iPad with a recording device that could easily transfer our interview to a computer. Since Kate is working on the oral history project, her questions are more about Marlies's life and her experiences in Andersonville. Marlies had worked for the previous owner, Gosta Bjuhr, from 1971 to 1979. When he retired, she took over and slowly recruited her family members, officially making the Swedish Bakery a family business.

They expanded the bakery greatly, tripling its size and increasing its staff. Although Marlies is German, she has upheld many of the traditional Swedish pastries, namely Princess Cake and Swedish Fruit Cake. In addition, the Swedish Bakery has coffee cake, breads, spritzes, and dommars. I was fortunate that Marlies and her employees have lived in the Andersonville area for many years, and were able to recall many of the establishments that are now gone. They were able to assist each other in identifying and confirming past businesses. What interested me most about the interview was a particular cigar shop that everybody remembered, but no one could remember what it was called or who the owners were, despite associating with them for many years.

Yum!

As part of the oral history project, Kate will transcribe our interview, which will allow me to map out the places they recounted. Fortunately, they recalled the places by remembering which order they were in. It was a pleasure meeting with the owners of the Swedish Bakery, a business that maintains a family atmosphere and excellent quality desserts. On our way out, Kathy was kind enough to give us "goody-bags" as a memento of our visit.

Day 10: Talking Shop

Today, I worked in a part of the museum that many can't resist drifting into: the gift shop. I was surrounded by an assortment of interesting items that ranged from novelties to children's books to kitchenware. Working in the gift shop also allows you to interact with patrons in a different way from the rest of the museum. Usually, they are buying souvenirs; however, the rarity of these items draws many local residents regularly. One customer bought a large number of Läkerol, a Swedish brand of licorice candies, to take to her mother in California. "They help sooth her more than any cough drops or syrup. You can't find these anywhere." 
Many of the products attested to the practical and simplistic beauty of Scandinavian art. A bobèche is a glass ring at the end of a candle that is used to catch the wax as it falls. My personal favorite product, however, is the Gastromax potato and vegetable slicer, proudly made in Sweden.

These products were interesting, and certainly different, but the store was not short on fascinating history-related items. Take the runes pendants, for example. According to the card that accompanied them, the Nordic tribes of northern Europe conceived of these symbols in 200 B.C. to represent the forces of nature. Picking the right rune enabled the wearer to harness the power that the rune represented. The rune in the picture is feoh, the rune of success. This is to be used if something you desire is within your grasp.

Also on display are products boasting the talent of artist Carl Larsson, a renowned Swedish painter from the Arts and Crafts Movement in the late nineteenth century to the early twentieth century. The Arts and Crafts Movement emphasized simplistic art, calling back to pre-industrial days. One of Larsson's most famous pieces is "Breakfast Under the Birch Tree (1886)," which includes charming, natural details, such as the two wine bottles under the tree and the initials carved into it.


   

Day 9: The Sami

The new art exhibit at the Swedish American Museum is about the Sami, a peaceful indigenous people from northern Scandinavia. The artist is Danish-American photographer Birgitte Aarestrup, who spent a significant amount of time in Sapmi, the Sami region which spans across northern Norway, Sweden, Finland, and parts of Russia. In addition to the photographs, Sami artifacts and handiwork, known as duodji, were on display. I had the privilege of assisting before the opening, both with the art and the Sami artifacts. The descriptions were already printed, I only had to pair them with their object.

The artifact I found most fascinating was a needle case made out of reindeer horn. Needles are apparently very useful in Sami life, so much so that the case hangs from a person's belt. One of the leather pouches had a flap that held needles as well. 

For the photographs, a fellow intern and I measured and numbered them, then used a key to determine their prices. That way the patron only needs to say the number he or she wishes to enquire its price or purchase the piece. We had to be a bit resourceful when describing them, for the artist gave us no information as to their titles. We went through the photo book with her pieces in it and recorded the captions under the photos. 

Day 8: Church History Part II

Another Christian sect Swedish-Americans found interest in were Baptist Churches. There are two Swedish Baptist churches that were established in Chicago whose buildings exist today: Edgewater Swedish Baptist Church and First Swedish Baptist Church. As is the case with many Swedish churches in Chicago, the parishioners of Swedish descent moved out to the suburbs. These churches also started conducting their services in English to accommodate for the diversity of their new members. Edgewater Baptist dropped "Swedish" from their name in 1940, and have Spanish and Korean congregations. As I was taking a picture of the First Swedish Baptist Church, a member of the congregation approached me and gave me some background on the church that I couldn't find in my research. The First Swedish Baptist Church was established in 1854, but this church was built in 1911. At some point, the First Swedish Baptist Church became Wrigleyville Worship Center, then Christ's Church. Today, the building is owned by MissioDei, a non-denominational Evangelical community.

 

The Swedish Covenant Church was founded by the Swedish Evangelical Mission Covenant of America (now ECC). The organization was founded on February 20, 1885 by Swedish immigrants in Chicago. The Edgewater Swedish Covenant Church dates back to 1909; today, it is known as Iglesia del Pacto Belen Covenant Church. Englewood Swedish Covenant Church is now the Rust Memorial United Methodist Church, but the stained glass over two doors still reads “Svenska Missions Kyrkan.”

                                                                        

Englewood Swedish Covenant Church, now the Rust Memorial United Methodist Church

The St. Ansgarius Episcopal Church is the oldest remaining Swedish Church building and one of the oldest churches in Chicago. The first church built was located at Indiana (today Grand) near Wells St., but was  destroyed in the great Chicago fire of 1871. The first pastor was Gustaf  Unonius (1810-1902), a prominent Swedish religious figure. He returned to Sweden nine years later after dispute with newer immigrant Scandinavian Lutherans. The second church was erected in 1872 on Chicago Avenue, but was razed in 1920 after also burning. The current church was built farther north in 1849, but changed its name in 1940s to St. Francis. The last congregation to utilize this church was Cristo Rey Iglesia Episcopal Church. At present, the church is closed and for sale. The Inscription over the main door reads “Jenny Lind Memorial Chapel." Jenny Lind was a famous Swedish opera singer, called the Swedish Nightingale, who donated a priceless communion silver chalice and paten to the church in 1851. When the great fire broke out in 1871 the silver was saved by an old Swedish woman. She hurried inside the burning church, brought out the silver, placed it in a buggy, which she then drove to the prairie outside the city limits, and kept it there until danger was past. The silver must always be kept in this church according to a letter, written in 1851 by the donor herself. Today, however, the only remaining items are the communion chalice and paten, which are kept at the Episcopal Church Center

Day 7: A Bit of Church History

A large number of Swedish-American sites are, appropriately enough, churches. For new immigrants, churches were a source of comfort and reminder of home. Members assisted these newcomers find jobs, learn English, and slowly ease into their new lives. For generations of Swedish-Americans, they served as community centers, cultural centers, and schools. In addition, many Church-based publications shared news from Sweden.

           

From the sixteenth century to the nineteenth century, it was illegal in Sweden to convert to another religion or Christian sect other than Lutheranism. When Swedish immigrants came to the U.S., they began to expand their religious perspectives to other Christian sects, such as Episcopal and Baptist. Some favored the Swedish Evangelical Free Church, which was founded in Boone, Iowa in 1884. This evangelical Christian sect places emphasis on the right of the church to self-govern. The Swedish Evangelical Covenant of America (now known simply as the Evangelical Covenant Church) was founded by Swedish immigrants who that were committed to sharing the Gospel as well as provide means for ministerial training.


There are five historical Swedish Lutheran churches in Chicago: Ebenezer, Immanuel Evangelical, Salem (a sister congregation of Immanuel Evangelical), All Saints', and Trinity Swedish Evangelical. Of the five, only Ebenezer and Immanuel Evangelical remain. The former sanctuary of Salem is now St. Jerome Croatian Catholic Church. All Saints' Lutheran Church is now Church of Christ, Presbyterian. Trinity Swedish Evangelical Lutheran has now been converted to condominiums.

Trinity Swedish Evangelical, now condominiums 

Salem Lutheran, now St. Jerome's Catholic Church

There is only one Free Church in Chicago: the First Evangelical Swedish Free Church of Chicago, which has since dropped "Swedish" from its name. 

Day 6: Photo Time!

I began taking pictures of the Swedish sites today with the help of my co-intern Kate. We stayed local, only along N. Clark and Foster. Many of the sites, such as Cafe Idrott and the Calo Theater, were converted to completely different businesses. Sadly, a couple of them were closing (Lyman Trumbull Elementary School and Nelson's Funeral Home). Others, such as Ann Sathers and the Swedish Bakery, were taken over by non-Swedes who upheld the Swedish heritage of their businesses successfully. Several sites are still owned by Swedish-Americans, who display their heritage proudly. Take, for example, Simon's Tavern and the Svea Restaurant, which are both owned by the same family. Each one is adorned with photographs and other artwork depicting the history of Andersonville's residents. Svea had more Swedish paraphernalia, but the structure of Simon's Tavern was more fascinating. Outside is a blue and yellow neon sign with a herring holding a martini glass (pickled herring is a Swedish delicacy). A stained glass depiction of this fish mirroring each other can be found inside. Also inside was a mural depicting a hunting scene. The bartender explained that in the early twentieth century, many of the people in the are went hunting up north. To add a more historical touch to the tavern, the artist spent seven years painting this lovely mural that spans the entire tavern.

Simon's Tavern has been around since the 1920s. At first it had been intended to be a cafe; it was the Prohibition after all. However, at some point, Simon Lundberg was encouraged to add a little alcohol into the menu, turning it into a speakeasy. The bartender explained that during the Great Depression, Simon's also maintained a functioning "bank," which is still present today. Looking inside the small window, one can see a trapdoor in the ceiling. Simon's wife used a bell-pull through this door to transfer money from above the tavern, where they lived. In this way, they cashed in checks on the spot. Simon's is also one of the few places that has alcoholic Glogg, a spicy punch that includes raisins and orange zest.

This is Glogg. 

I will begin adding the new pictures to the titles and descriptions of the Swedish sites while I continue to visit them. I realized today that it would be beneficial for me to contact these institutions earlier to see if I could take pictures on the interior of the buildings as well as the outside. Perhaps talking with the owners or associates would help provide information not found through published research, as was the case at Simon's Tavern. In addition, if the owners happened to be Swedish, they could be interviewed for the Oral History Project.



Update: I found a great video of Scott Martin, the current owner of Simon's, telling a scary ghost story connected to the bar and the Lundberg family.

Day 5: Books, Books, Books

On my first day at the Museum, I spent some time on Loyola Libraries' website researching books on Swedish-American history. I was pleasantly surprised to find, later, that many of the books I had checked out were all ready in the museum's library. Instead of heading the Oral History project, which my co-intern was focusing on, I catalogued books within the library that dealt with Swedish Chicago. Many of these books assisted me in researching the history of the sites. Interestingly enough, the one that helped me the most was a travel guide, Touring Swedish America, by Alan H. Winquist and Jessica Rousselow-Winquist. The book provided buildings, sculptures, and names of Swedish-American architects. The most intriguing book was The Swedish Theater of Chicago, 1868 - 1950. Theater groups and glee clubs were popular among Swedish-Americans living in Chicago, and they would often perform in locations not exclusively Swedish. One such example is the German Theater, known today as the "Vic."

During my research, I found a panoramic book on America in Swedish:

With the help of Google translate, I was able to read the descriptions. For the words I didn't know, a Swedish-English dictionary was never far away. 

One of the most beautiful books in the library was a Bible in Swedish with gold inlay in the cover. Inside contained beautiful biblical scenes. When looking for the publishing date, I was surprised to learn that it was printed not too far away from me: 112 Randolph St. I had stumbled upon another location to research for my Swedish Sites project.

Day 4: Midsommarfest Preparations & the Brunk's Children Museum of Immigration

Every year, Andersonville hosts Midsommarfest, a celebration of the community's Scandinavian heritage. This year, it was June 8th - 9th. This annual event includes vendors, dancing, and food, advertising Andersonville's many restaurants. There is also a long list of music groups performing, both Swedish and non-Swedish. Naturally, the Swedish American Museum has a large role in the festivities, particularly activities for children. There were tables where they could learn to make paper flower wreaths to wear. There was also a Maypole, which Swedes perform customary dances around. I spent my day in the Brunk Children's Museum of Immigration, helping make flower wreaths to be sold in the shop.

Swedish colors!

I took this opportunity to become acquainted with the Children's Museum. In 2011, it was named one of the best "hands-on exhibits for every kind of kid" in Chicago Magazine's "best of Chicago list.*"

I think I may have found a new hobby.

Although limited in space, it offered an assortment of creative and educational activities. It's divided into two parts: "Sweden" and "America." The Swedish side has a Scandinavian Falu red house, which strongly resembled a barn. Inside was an old-fashioned kitchen; outside were animals enclosed by a white picket fence. Also outside were traditional aprons that the children were permitted to wear. In between the two "countries" was a ship that had paddles attached to it. The sea had magnetized fish that could be "caught" with little fishing poles that had metal washers on the end. Fishing was a large industry in Sweden, followed closely by carpentry, which was represented in the "American" side of the Museum. There, children fought over hauling water from the well outside a small log cabin. The house was reminiscent of the pioneer lifestyle the Swedish led in the U.S. There was also a Dala-style horse that children were permitted to ride. Dalarna, a region in Sweden, is known for its painted horse statues and toys. Andersonville has its own Dala Horse statue, painted Swedish blue with the Chicago skyline. Usually, it is located outside of the Museum, but it is currently undergoing renovations. 

In the very back of the Museum was an area that was sectioned off. The docent at the Children's Museum, clad in traditional clothing, told me that the new exhibit would be space-themed, in honor of Christer Fuglesang. Fuglesang was a celebrated Swedish physicist and ESA astronaut, and the first Swedish citizen to travel to outer space.

The Children's Museum and Midsommarfest accomplish two things: attract tourists to the Swedish American Museum and educate the public on Swedish culture and history. The museum activities, in turn, provide traffic and tourism for the Andersonville community. These are an incentive for the neighborhood to sponsor and support the museum which, for a non-profit organization, is essential.

*http://www.swedishamericanmuseum.org/childrensmuseum/

Day 3: Preservation

Last Thursday, I got to work in the vault room, which has been converted to an office. It's a small space, big enough for two desks, but includes a walk-in vault that has lovely designs on the door.

Today, it is used as a supply closet, officially making it the coolest of its kind. The vault shows that the museum itself is a significant part of Swedish-American history in Chicago.

The museum was originally Lind Hardware Co., which opened at that location in 1927. The store was a social center where many Swedish men congregated to discuss business, family, and politics. A hardware store is the ideal location for Swedes to meet up because many of them were in the construction business; as the saying goes "the Swedes built Chicago." Kurt Mathiasson, a man driven to preserve Swedish-American history, moved the Swedish American Museum Center from its previous location to 5211 N. Clark St. in 1987. The move to a Swedish-American landmark indicates how seriously the residents of Andersonville are about preserving their architectural history. 

Also on Thursday, I assisted in the packaging and sorting of Flaggen, the quarterly newsletter that was to be distributed that weekend. Most of the subscribers were within the state of Illinois, but the Flaggen also reached the far states of Florida, California, and even North Dakota. The newsletter is essential to the museum because many members come from around the U.S. to attend the events and view the new exhibits. Some of the subscribers were not individuals, but fellow non-profit organizations. The support of other non-profits, even those that are not related to Swedish-American or Swedish history, is important for advertisement and community.

http://www.nordstjernan.com/news/midwest/684/

Day 2: Exploring

Last week, I got to work in one of the coolest rooms in the Swedish American Museum: the library.

Why is the library so awesome? 

1) This room literally has every scholarly book on Swedish-American history. I spent a good amount of time searching for such books through the Loyola Library website; this library had all of them and more

2) The library also has books on Swedish culture, history, and politics in both English and Swedish

3) There is a fiction section with books by Swedish and Swedish-American authors

4) Most of the books are donated by museum patrons and sister organizations, such as the Swedish Women's Educational Association, International (SWEA)

5) The library is not open to the public, but is not entirely exclusive. Researchers are allowed access by appointment

6) The library doubles as a genealogy center!

My assignment for the day was to research Chicago sites utilized or built by Swedish-Americans. The Swedish had a large impact on Chicago's cityscape, both as laborers and architects. Peirce Anderson, of Graham, Anderson, Probst & White, had an key role in the design and construction of the Field Museum of Natural History, The Federal Reserve Building of Chicago, and the Wrigley Building.*

For now, I will be researching the individual histories of each building. Eventually, I will be visiting the sites personally to photograph them. For the buildings that no longer exist, I will have to canvas the archives for old photographs. The Swedish American Museum is considering having a small exhibit dedicated to these sites, as many patrons have expressed an interest in this particular topic. 

*http://www.chicagoarchitecture.info/Architecture/6/3143/SortBy/Architect.php

Day 1: Starting Out!

Hello, my name is Noura Alcheikh and I'm pursuing a history major and Arabic language and culture minor at Loyola University. This blog is for my summer internship at the Swedish American Museum, right here in Chicago! I applied at the Swedish American Museum because I wanted to know how museums run and what different services they offer. As it turns out, they do more than just showcase precious items; they are cultural centers, libraries, schools, and genealogy centers. I also wanted to know how different immigrant groups assimilated into American culture, and what traditions and values they passed down to their children.

I will be working on a few projects during my time here, which include the Swedish Sites Project, the Oral History Project, and museum statistics. For the Swedish sites project, I research which buildings in the Chicago-land area were built and utilized by Swedish immigrants. The Oral History Project entails interviewing individuals of Swedish descent. For museum statistics, I will stand as a docent and record which exhibits patrons observe most. On my first day, which was the 24th, I worked on cataloging buildings with Swedish history. The museum itself is one of these landmarks; previously it was the Lind Hardware Store where many hardworking Swedish men socialized. The Swedish American Museum moved to this location in 1987. The current king of Sweden, Carl XVI Gustaf, was present at its founding in 1976 and its relocation to 5211 N. Clark St.

Also on my first day, I had the privilege of having what is now my absolute favorite dessert in the world, Princess cake. A staff member at the museum turned 89 on Monday and we were celebrating her birthday with Princess (or Swedish) cake and saft, a tart raspberry juice. 

Princess cake is essentially sponge cake filled with light cream and covered with marzipan, traditionally green. The cake takes its name from the daughters of Prince Carl, Duke of Vastergotland, as it was reportedly their favorite. I asked the executive director, Karin Abercrombie, where I can also get this ridiculously delicious cake. "The bakery is just up the street." She hesitated, then added somewhat mournfully, "It's the last Swedish bakery in Andersonville." Savoring my last bits of cake, I can see why the Swedish Bakery has survived the weak economy.